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KMID : 0364920160410030291
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Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
2016 Volume.41 No. 3 p.291 ~ p.300
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Development of Internal Dose Assessment Procedure for Workers in Industries Using Raw Materials Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials
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Choi Cheol-Kyu
Kim Yong-Geon
Ji Seung-Woo
Koo Bon-Cheol
Chang Byung-Uck
Kim Kwang-Pyo
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Abstract
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Background: It is necessary to assess radiation dose to workers due to inhalation of airborne particulates containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) to ensure radiological safety required by the Natural Radiation Safety Management Act. The objective of this study is to develop an internal dose assessment procedure for workers at industries using raw materials containing natural radionuclides.
Materials and Methods: The dose assessment procedure was developed based on harmonization, accuracy, and proportionality. The procedure includes determination of dose assessment necessity, preliminary dose estimation, airborne particulate sampling and characterization, and detailed assessment of radiation dose.
Results and Discussion: The developed dose assessment procedure is as follows. Radioactivity concentration criteria to determine dose assessment necessity are 10 Bq?g-1 for 40K and 1 Bq?g-1 for the other natural radionuclides. The preliminary dose estimation is performed using annual limit on intake (ALI). The estimated doses are classified into 3 groups ( < 0.1 mSv, 0.1-0.3 mSv, and > 0.3 mSv). Air sampling methods are determined based on the dose estimates. Detailed dose assessment is performed using air sampling and particulate characterization. The final dose results are classified into 4 different levels ( < 0.1 mSv, 0.1-0.3 mSv, 0.3-1 mSv, and > 1 mSv). Proper radiation protection measures are suggested according to the dose level. The developed dose assessment procedure was applied for NORM industries in Korea, including coal combustion, phosphate processing, and monazite handing facilities.
Conclusion: The developed procedure provides consistent dose assessment results and contributes to the establishment of optimization of radiological protection in NORM industries.
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KEYWORD
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Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), Internal dose, Dose assessment procedure, Air sampling
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